ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To study the intervention effect of Hippophae rhamnoides oil on glucocorticoid resistance in superantigen-induced atopic dermatitis （AD） mice，and to explore the mechanism of action. METHODS Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups，i.e. normal control group （group A），model group （group B），dexamethasone intervention group （positive control，group C），H. rhamnoides oil intervention group （group D），dexamethasone+H. rhamnoides oil intervention group （group E），with 10 mice in each group. Except for group A，other groups were given 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene+staphylococcal enterotoxin B to induce the AD mice model. Starting from the 7th day of the experiment，groups C，D and E were given dexamethasone （1.5 mg/kg） and/or H. rhamnoides oil （10 mL/kg） intragastrically，once a day，for 28 consecutive days. After the last medication，the pathomorphological changes of ear tissue were observed by 节作用。E-mail：57667478@qq.com HE staining； the serum levels of immunoglobulin E （IgE） and interleukin 4 （IL-4） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Positive cell count of glucocorticoid receptor α （GRα） and GRβ in the ear tissue of mice was detected by tyramide signal amplification. The expressions of GRα protein，GRβ protein，and protein kinase B （AKT）/ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1，S6K1 （S6K1） signaling pathway-related proteins were determined by Western blot assay. RESULTS Compared with group B，the skin inflammation in the left ear of the mice was significantly reduced in groups C，D and E，the serum levels of IgE and IL-4 were decreased significantly in groups D and E （P＜ 0.05），while the number of GRα positive cells and GRα protein expression were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； the protein levels of G protein inhibitory subunit 1 （Gαi1），Gαi3，phosphorylated S6K1 （p-S6K1） and phosphorylated AKT （p-AKT） were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； the number of GRβ positive cells and protein expression of GRβ was decreased significantly in group E（P＜0.05）. Compared with group C，the skin inflammation in the left ear of the mice was almost clear away in group E，the serum levels of IgE and IL-4 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； the number of GRα positive cells and GRα protein expression were increased significantly in groups D and E （P＜0.05）； the protein levels of GRβ，Gαi1，p-S6K1 and p-AKT were all decreased significantly in groups D and E（P＜0.05）； and protein level of Gαi3 was decreased significantly in group E （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS H. rhamnoides oil has an intervention effect on superantigen-induced glucocorticoid resistance of AD mice，which may be exerted by inhibition of the Gαi1/3-induced AKT/S6K1 signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To explore the mechanism of Hippophae rhamnoides in the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）， and to provide theoretic reference for further exploring the material basis. METHODS ：TCMSP，Uniprot，GeneCards database were used to screen the active components of H. rhamnoides ，targets and AD-related target gene. The “ingredients-targets-related diseases”network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. STRING database was adopted to construct protein interaction （PPI）network，molecular docking was conducted between the potential targets with high degree values and active components of H. rhamnoides . The gene ontology （GO）analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG）pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Clue GO for the potential target of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD. Totally 50 mice were randomly divided into blank group ，model group [ D-galactose 120 mg/（kg·d），AlCl3 solution 20 mg/（mL·d）]，positive drug group [oxiracetam 260 mg/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn oil extract group [ 1.6 g/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn polyphenols group [1.6 g/（kg·d）]，with 10 mice in each group. The mice was given relevant medicine intragastrically and modeling agent ；blank group was given constant volume of distilled water intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 60 d. The learning and memory abilities were detected by Morris water maze test ；the levels of immune factors in hippocampus tissue were measured by ELISA. Pathological morphology of hippocampus tissue was observed by HE staining. The mechanism of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD was validated preliminarily. RESULTS ：Totally 22 active components of H. rhamnoides （quercetin，kaempferol，isorhamnetin， β-carotene，β-sitosterol） may affect biological processes such as nuclear receptor activity ，lipopolysaccharide-mediated signal pathway，and may affect 114 methabolism pathways such as IL- 17 signal transduction pathway ，TNF signal transduction pathway by regulating 147 targets such as serine/threonine kinase coding protein （AKT1），amino terminal kinase （JUN）and mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK1）. The results of molecular docking showed that binding scores of the main active components of H. rhamnoides and the main target proteins were all above 4.25，which showed good binding activity. Results of pharmacology experiment showed that H. rhamnoides extract could shorten the escape latency of AD model mice ，increased the times of crossing platform，relieved hippocampus injury of cerebral tissue ，and decreased the contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6 and IL- 17 in hippocampus of cerebral tissue. CONCLUSIONS ：The active components of H. rhamnoides can regulate multiple targets in the important pathway of AD ；animal experiments preliminarily verify that H. rhamnoides can relieve the hippocampus injury and improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To study the effects of orally administered mixture of Hippophae rhamnoides leaf and marc extracts (HLM) on health parameters of newborn calves. Study Design: Starting from birth day 0 (D0) till day 15 (D15) the extract of HLM was given orally to newborn calves before feeding them milk at an increased dosage from 5 to 8 ml/calf/ two times a day for prophylaxis of nutritional diarrhoea. The calves were clinically examined and weighed. Biochemical and morphological analyses of blood were determined. Place and Duration of Study: Clinical institute, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Institute of Horticulture at Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia; within one year. Methodology: HLM was prepared and chemically analysed.The control (C) and experimental (E) group - each consisted of 10 newborn calves. Clinical examination of calves was performed every day. Calves were weighed on D0, D15, D30, venous blood samples for biochemical and haematological analyses were collected on D1, D10, D15, D30. Data were analysed using software program SPSS 17.5. Results: Tannin content decreased by 33.14% in HLM after addition of polyethylene glycol. In E, there was a better thermoregulation on D1. Diarrhoea incidence was fewer in E group (3 calves) than in C group (5 calves) and diarrhoea started later in E group (D6) compared to C group (D4). Daily weight gain on D0-D15 was significantly higher in E (473.1+/-35.0 g/day) than in C (386.6+/-36.9 g/day) (P= .05) and it correlated (r =- .625) with serum haptoglobin (Hpt) concentration. In E, Hpt significantly decreased on D10 and D15, compared with C. In E there was induced reduction of lymphocytes’ count in blood- on D30 it was 27.9±6.5 x109/μL (P< .01), lower than in C- 64±2.1 x109/μL. Conclusion: HLM as feed additive can reduce diarrhoea incidences in calves, promote growth rate, reduce Hpt concentration and lymphocytes’ count in blood.
ABSTRACT
Objective To optimize the process conditions of the oil extraction ofseabuckthorn oil and to evaluate its antioxidant activity by anti-free radical action.Methods The extraction time and particle size of sea-buckseed oil were optimized by using the response surface software design-expert.Its antio xidant activity was studied through its anti-dpph free radical reaction.Results The best process of seabuckthorn seed oil was extracting time 3 h,material liquid than 1:8,extraction temperature 80 C,about 30 mesh size,the yield is highest at 11.13％.The optimum reaction time was 8 min in control,and with the increase of concentration,seabuckthorn oil antioxidant activity increased,when the addition amount of 4.00 ml sample,clearance rate as high as 77.62％.Conclusions This method is simple and reliable,the extraction rate is high,and the test results show that the oil has obvious anti-oxidative effect,which can be used as whitening and wrinkling products to delay the aging of human body.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction technology for flavonoids in leaves and seeds of Hippophae rhamnoides. METHODS:Using the total extraction rate of 6 flavonoid aglycones(catechins,rutin,myricetin,quercetin,kaempferol,isorham-netin)as index,ethanol volume fraction,extraction time,extraction times,material-lipid ratio as investigation indexes,L9(34)or-thogonal test was designed to optimize the extraction technology of flavonoids in leaves and seeds of H. rhamnoides,and verifica-tion test was carried out. RESULTS:The optimum extraction technology for flavonoids in leaves of H. rhamnoides was ethanol vol-ume fraction of 70%,extracting for 3 times with material-lipid ratio of 1:16,and 2.0 h each time;and that of seeds was ethanol volume fraction of 50%,extracting for 3 times with material-lipid ratio of 1:24,and 1.5 h each time. In verification test,the total extraction rate of 6 flavonoid aglycones was 56.4 mg/g in the leaves (RSD=1.4%,n=3) and 15.4 mg/g in the seeds (RSD=3.4%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Optimized extraction technology is simple,stable,feasible,and can be used for extracting the fla-vonoids in leaves and seeds of H. rhamnoides.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the changes of four flavonoid glycosides in the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides L . before and after fermentation .Methods The water extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L .leaves and its fermented tea were con-centrated and desiccated .The dry extracts were dissolved in 70％ ethanol .The chromatographic separation was performed with RP-HPLC method on an Extend-C18 column (4 .6 mm × 250 mm ,5 μm) .Acetonitrile-0 .1％ formic acid was selected as mobile phase at the flow rate of 1 .0 ml/min .The detection wavelength was 356 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃ .Results The rutin content was high in the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides L .After fermentation ,isoquercitrin content was increased , while the contents of rutin and narcissoside were reduced and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside stayed unchanged .There was a good linear relationship between the concentration and peak areas of the four compounds (r>0 .9997) .The average recoveries were between 96％-103％ .Conclusion This established method is rapid and reliable ,which can be used for the quality control of Hippophae rhamnoides L .leaves and its fermented tea .
ABSTRACT
In this study, a network pharmacological screening method was adopted to further study the active ingredients and action mechanism of total flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoides(TFH) for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. Firstly TCMSP database and PubChem database were searched, and then the data were combined with oral bioavailability and drug analysis to screen flavonoids of H.rhamnoides compounds. Then predictive analysis was conducted for the 7 screened compounds by ChemMapper server.The obtained potential targets were imported into MAS 3.0. Database, and KEGG database was also used for targets analysis and pathway analysis. Finally Cystoscope 3.3.0 software was used to draw "compounds-targets-pathway" network diagram. Virtual experiments predicted 68 potential targets and 60 signaling pathways, and 31 targets and 23 pathways of them were directly or indirectly associated with myocardial ischemia. The results showed that TFH played a synergistic rolemainly through the regulation of calcium signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway and gap junction signaling pathway, which was consistent with literature reports. These results indicated that it can enhance heart function, protect vascular endothelial cells, and fight against myocardial ischemia probably by regulating platelet aggregation, lipid metabolism, inflammation and other processes.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To prepare total flavonoids of Hippophae rhamnoides(TFH)-PVP K30 solid dispersion,and to char-acterize and study its in vitro dissolution. METHODS:Solvent method was used to prepare TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion with dif-ferent drug-loading ratio of 1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5;single factor test was designed to screen drug-loading ratio using dissolution parameter Td as index;orthogonal test was designed to optimize ultrasonic time,temperature of water bath and drying time for prep-aration technology using in vitro dissolution rate as index,and then validated. SEM,DSC and FT-IR were used to characterize sol-id dispersion. RESULTS:Td of TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion was the lowest when drug-loading ratio was 1:3. Optimal technolo-gy was ultrasonic time 10 min,temperature of water bath 60 ℃ and drying time 12 h. 90 min accumulative dissolution rate of pre-pared TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion was 90.22% in average(RSD=1.74%,n=3). The results of SEM,DSC and FT-IR showed that the drug as amorphous form dispersed in the PVP K30,the formation of hydrogen bond of the both. CONCLUSIONS:TFH-PVP K30 solid dispersion is prepared successfully,and in vitro dissolution rate of it is improved significantly.
ABSTRACT
The study aims at providing a new suitable way to promote artificial cultivation, solving the problem of resources increasingly endangered wild medicine, and protecting the wild resources of Tibetan medicine. The content of quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin was determined by HPLC. The correlation between flavonoids components and ecological factors was analyzed using partial least-squares regression (PLSR). Based on Maxent model combining using ArcGIS software, suitable regionalization for H.rhamnoides subsp. sinensis was studied.The results showed that the difference of quercetin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin content in samples from different regions were obvious. The main factors effecting quercetin content accumulation were the altitude andthe average monthly precipitation in January and August. The main factors effecting kaempferol accumulation were the altitude andthe average monthly precipitation in the coldest quarter and December. The main factors effecting isorhamnetin accumulation were the average monthly precipitation in August, January and the coldest quarter.The regional distribution suitability index for H.rhamnoides subsp. sinensis was 0-0.708. The suitable area 590 500 km², accounting for 6.13% of the total area. The preferably suitable area was 552 500 km², accounting for 5.73% of the total area.The methods used in the study is simple and feasible, the result is reliable which provide a new approach for Tibetan medicine resources sustainable exploitation and utilization.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of HRE (Hippophae rhamnoides extract) on oral mucositis induced in rats with MTX. Material and Methods: Experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), HRE+MTX (HMTX), and control group, which received MTX (MTXC). HMTX group received 50 mg/kg HRE while MTXC and HG groups received equivolume distilled water with gavage once a day. After one hour of HRE and distilled water administration, HMTX and MTXC groups received a single dose of oral MTX 5 mg/ kg. This procedure was repeated for one month. Results: The levels of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α were found to be significantly higher in the cheek, lower lip, and tongue tissue of the animals receiving MTX, compared with HG and HMTX groups; however, these parameters were lower in the cheek and low lip tissue, and a milder damage ocurred in these tissues, compared with the tongue tissue in MTXC group. No histopathologic damage was observed in the cheek, lower lip, and tongue tissues of the rats treated with HRE. Conclusion: This findings indicate that HRE as a natural product is an important advantage compared with synthetic drugs for prophylaxis of oral mucositis developed due to MTX.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Stomatitis/chemically induced , Stomatitis/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Methotrexate/adverse effects , Hippophae/chemistry , Folic Acid Antagonists/adverse effects , Stomatitis/pathology , Tongue/pathology , Blood Vessels/pathology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Gene Expression , Cheek/pathology , Reproducibility of Results , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects , Treatment Outcome , Interleukin-1beta/analysis , Interleukin-1beta/drug effects , Lip/pathology , Malondialdehyde/analysisABSTRACT
Studied with comparing the results of the method of zone which using the Hippophae rhamnoides and normal zone to 22 people who got narrow of lacrimal punctum. In the result of treatment the people’s lacrimal punctum was widen for 64.2% and 64.2% repeated who are zoned normal and the people’s lacrimal punctum was widen for 75% and 12.5% repeated who are zoned with oil of Hippophae rhamnoides after 14-21 days. Here after future, we need to use research the method of using the oil of hippophae hamnoidesfor eyes practice.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the comprehensive ecological factors of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and their regional suitability in China. Based on field survey, specimen examination and literature investigation, ecologi-cal factors and appropriate production areas were analyzed by Traditional Chinese Medicine Geographic Information System (TCMGIS-II). The results showed that the proper region (with similarity of 95%~100%) of H. rhamnoides L. accounts for 737 994.71 km2, including 15 provinces/municipalities and 387 counties/cities. The largest area among them is Tibet autonomous region with area of 313 857.73 km2 (42.53%), followed by Sichuan province (223 987.02 km2, 30.35%), Gansu province (66 314.43 km2, 8.99%) and Shanxi province (4 237.79 km2, 0.57%). There are also certain appropriate production areas distributed in Liaoning province, Beijing, Chongqing and Hubei province. It was concluded that this system is much valuable to the recognition of the formation of the producing area, the division of adaptive area, introduction and acclimatization of medicinal materials. It also provided a scientific reference for the introduction and cultivation of H. rhamnoides L. Through further field study and experiments, these new areas have the potential to be developed into suitable production region of H. rhamnoides L. in the future.
ABSTRACT
Background & objectives: Hippophae rhamnoides L. has been widely exploited for medicinal purposes and an extract of its whole berries coded as RH-3 has been found to render radioprotection. Effect of pre-irradiation treatment of up to 10 μg/ml RH-3 was studied in U 87 cells using MTT assay. This study aims at unraveling the mechanism of action of RH-3 in amelioration of radiation-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Methods: Most effective doses selected were studied further for the elucidation of radiomodifying properties of RH-3, especially with respect to early and late events of apoptosis. Results: RH-3 at concentrations of 7.5 and 10 μg/ml (-15 min) were found most effective in protecting against 2 Gy induced cytotoxicity in terms of MTT reducing ability in U 87 cells. RH-3 was observed to mitigate radiation-induced cellular and mitochondrial free radicals. Mitochondrial membrane potential depletion (studied up to 12 h) was prevented by RH-3 pre-irradiation administration. It could also restore the level of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 at 24 and 48 h comparable to the control value. RH-3 also prevented radiation-induced increase in mitochondrial mass at 48 and 72 h post-treatment and the values were comparable to that of control cells. Annexin-V-FITC assay at 12 and 24 h time intervals indicated significant protection against radiation-induced apoptosis by RH-3 pre-irradiation treatment. Interpretation & conclusion: Our findings showed that probably RH-3 acts as an antioxidant preventing cellular and mitochondrial free radical generation that could contribute to its ability to inhibit radiationinduced apoptosis and cytotoxicity.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/radiation effects , Cell Line , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Free Radicals/metabolism , Gamma Rays/adverse effects , Hippophae , Humans , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/radiation effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of seed oil of Hippophae rhamnoides L.(SOHR) on experimental hepatocirrhosis in mice. Methods: CCl_(4) was used in the experiment to form the model of experimental hepatocirrhosis in mice.In order to measure the possible changes of GPT and SOD in serum and SOD and MDA in tissues,we fed these mice with different concentration of SOHR for 45 days.The Does-Effect Curve was set up based on the data of this experiment. Results: SOHR could control the increase of GPT in serum and the decrease of SOD evidently,as well as the increase of MDA in tissues.The relationship of that the Hippophae rhamnoides dose with the decrease of GPT is significant. Conclusion: SOHR protects the experimental hepatacirrhosis in mice.
ABSTRACT
0.05). ②Plasma endothelin in the two groups was remarkably decreased after treatment(P0.05).③ NO in the two groups was significantly increased after treatment(P0.05). Conclusion TFL can reduce blood pressure and improve endothelial cell function.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the role of total flavonoids of hippophae rhamnoides in improving contactile function of stretched cardiac myocyte.Method Flavonoids were given to stretched myocytes which were proved their contractile function decline and then myocyte contractile mechanics characteristics and calcium transfer were measured.Result Flavonoids increased myocyte contractility,as indicated by myocyte shortening,velocity of shortening,peak+dL/dt and peak-dL/dt during shortening,in a concentration-dependent manner (r>0.9,P<0.001),and with no relation to the intracellular calcium transfer in the myocytes.Conclusion Flavonoids of the traditional Chinese drug hippophae rhamnoids is effective in improving the contractile function of stretched cardiac myocyte in low dosage.
ABSTRACT
Objective The oligomeric and polymeric proanthocyanidins in different fractions from Hippophae rhamnoides seeds were investigated. Methods The monomeric and oligomeric fractions were analyzed by HPLC/ESI-MASS detection. The polymeric proanthocyanidins were fractionated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and their chemical constructures were studied by acid-catalysed degradation in the presence of benzyl mercaptan. Results Four monomers were identified as catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, and epigallocatechin. Eight dimers including three dimeric procyanidins and one dimeric prodelphinidin, and four mixed dimers were detected and their structures were partly elucidated by the detection of the pseudomolecular ion and main ion fragmentations. The results also showed that polymers to be highly heterogenous with catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, and epigallocatechin all being components of both the extension and the terminal units. The extension units were mainly gallocatechin, whereas the terminal units were mainly gallocatechin and epigallocatechin for all fractions. The proanthocyanidins with a mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of 9.1, 13.2 and 17.0 represented the three major polymeric fractions. Conclusion Proanthocyanidins of H. rhamnoides seeds, predominantly being of prodelphinidin-type, are remarkably different from that of grape seeds.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish the method of dissolution determination for evaluating and improving the quality of Xindakang sugar coated Tablets. Xindakang Sugar coated Tablets from three enterprises were investigated. Methods: To adopt 900mL0.5% Tween80 H 2O as dissolvent and rotating basket method at 100r?min -1 , the cumulative dissolution percentage was determined by UV. The dissolution parameters was obtained by Weibull distribution model and dealed with one way ANOVA. Results: The significant differences in dissolution parameters(T d, T 50 ,m)( P
ABSTRACT
TFH was isolated from the fruits of Hippophae Rhamnoides L. A study was made cf the effects of TFH on the immune reaction in animals. TFH ( 5.0mg/kg? d-1 sc?6d)remarkably enhanced the pha-gocytic activity of peritoneal exudate macrophages. The content of lysozyme in mice ( TFH 2mg/kg?d-1 ip?7d) & serum complement in guinea pig also were remarkably elevated. TFH caused significant increases of quantitative hemolysin of SRBC ( QHS ) in normal mice. At the dose of 2mg/kg?d-1 ip?8d TFH increased the production of hemolysin serum and agglutinin in normal mice as well as in immunodepressed mice induced by cyclophosphamids. TFH ( 6.25-50mg/L) markedly enhanced Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation of mouse spleen cells in vitro. These results suggested that TFH had certain immunopotentiation in animals.
ABSTRACT
From Hippophae rhamnoides L.oil free seed, acylated ?-sitosterol ?-D-glucoside was isolated.By alkaline hydrolysis, acylated steryl glucoside yielded ?-sitosterol-?-D-glucoside and fatty acids which were identified as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and decadecylenic acids.These results suggest that acylated steryl glucoside may be esterified forms of ?-sitosterol-?-D-glucoside which was identified by means of physicochemical properties, spectral analysis and synthesis, ?-sitosterol ?-D-glucoside in relatively small doses (i. e. 12mg/kg) was found to be an effective agent in the treatment of acetic acid-induced chronic ulcer in mice.